: Pearson Edexcel past-paper questions pack

Emerging and developing economies

Past-paper questions pack

Name
Class
Date set
Date due
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Questions are numbered; the mark schemes (the answer key) follow on separate pages so the question pages can be handed out alone. www.economicsaleveltutor.com

Pearson Edexcel AS and A-level Economics past-paper questions since 2016 · 30 parts · mark schemes follow the questions · www.economicsaleveltutor.com · Questions and mark schemes © Pearson Edexcel

1. June 2025 · Paper 2 · Q1(a) · 1 marks ·

(a) With reference to the table above, which one of the following is correct? (1) A Average incomes are lower in Morocco than in Pakistan B Economic development, as measured by the HDI, is higher in Morocco than in Pakistan C Life expectancy in Morocco is 68.3 years D Total output in Morocco is higher than in Pakistan

2. June 2025 · Paper 2 · Q8 · 25 marks · AO1=4,AO2=4,AO3=8,AO4=9

8 In Sudan, public services such as healthcare are struggling to keep running. Power outages, blocking of internet access, and fuel shortages, will mean hospitals struggle to operate. Many of the hospitals in the capital city, Khartoum, have reported shortages of doctors, blood, transfusion equipment, medical supplies, and other skilled workers and commodities. (Source adapted from: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/ PIIS0140‑6736(23)00858‑9/fulltext) Evaluate the possible factors influencing the level of economic development in a developing country of your choice.

3. June 2025 · Paper 3 · Q2(b) · 8 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=2,AO4=2

(b) Examine two advantages of using the Human Development Index (HDI) to measure the level of economic development in India. (8)

4. June 2025 · Paper 3 · Q2(c) · 12 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=4,AO4=4

(c) With reference to Extract F, discuss the problems that might be involved with the buffer stock system in India. (12)

5. June 2025 · Paper 3 · Q2(e) · 25 marks · AO1=4,AO2=4,AO3=8,AO4=9

(e) Evaluate the microeconomic and macroeconomic effects of rapid increases in population in India. (25)

6. June 2024 · Paper 3 · Q2(b) · 8 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=2,AO4=2

(b) With reference to the second paragraph of Extract E, examine two likely problems for the expansion of the chocolate industry in Ghana. (8)

7. June 2023 · Paper 2 · Q6(b) · 8 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=2,AO4=2

(b) With reference to Extract A, examine two causes of the high cost of transporting goods between African countries. (8)

8. June 2023 · Paper 2 · Q6(c) · 12 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=4,AO4=4

(c) Discuss the impact of improved transport links between African countries on economic growth rates. (12)

9. June 2023 · Paper 2 · Q6(d) · 10 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=2,AO4=4

(d) Assess two likely benefits of debt relief to Angola. Refer to Extract B in your answer. (10)

10. June 2023 · Paper 2 · Q6(e) · 15 marks · AO1=3,AO2=3,AO3=3,AO4=6

(e) Discuss market-orientated strategies the Angolan government could use to improve development. (15)

11. June 2022 · Paper 3 · Q2(a) · 5 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=1

(a) Explain what is meant by the Lewis model. Refer to Extract D in your answer. (5)

12. June 2022 · Paper 3 · Q2(b) · 8 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=2,AO4=2

(b) Examine two demographic factors influencing development in Kenya. (8)

13. June 2022 · Paper 3 · Q2(e) · 25 marks · AO1=4,AO2=4,AO3=8,AO4=9

(e) Evaluate the microeconomic and macroeconomic strategies that could be used to promote development in Kenya, or another developing country of your choice. (25)

14. November 2021 · Paper 2 · Q6(a) · 5 marks · AO1=1,AO2=2,AO3=2

(a) Using the data in Figures 1 and 2, calculate the change in the level of total aid funding to Rwanda between 2011 and 2012. (5)

15. November 2021 · Paper 2 · Q6(b) · 8 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=2,AO4=2

(b) With reference to the information provided, examine two likely benefits for the Rwandan economy of the growth in the country’s population. (8)

16. November 2021 · Paper 2 · Q6(c) · 10 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=2,AO4=4

(c) With reference to the information provided, assess the likely impact on the Rwandan economy of the change in aid received between 2017 and 2018. (10)

17. November 2021 · Paper 2 · Q6(e) · 15 marks · AO1=3,AO2=3,AO3=3,AO4=6

(e) Discuss policies, other than import tariffs, that the Rwandan government could use to develop its manufacturing industries. (15)

18. October 2020 · Paper 2 · Q3(a) · 4 marks · AO1=2,AO2=1,AO3=1

(a) Explain the role of the IMF in providing financial assistance to countries such as Argentina. (4)

19. October 2020 · Paper 2 · Q6(a) · 5 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=1

(a) With reference to Figure 1 and Extract A, explain the likely impact of a Fairtrade scheme on agricultural communities. (5)

20. October 2020 · Paper 2 · Q6(b) · 8 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=2,AO4=2

(b) Examine two ways, apart from Fairtrade schemes, in which cocoa farmers could boost their incomes despite the falling price of cocoa. (8)

21. October 2020 · Paper 2 · Q6(c) · 12 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=4,AO4=4

(c) Discuss the problems for the Ivory Coast of dependency on cocoa for a large proportion of their exports. Refer to Figure 2 in your answer. (12)

22. June 2019 · Paper 3 · Q2(c) · 12 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=4,AO4=4

(c) Discuss whether borrowers benefit from microfinance. Make reference to Mozambique in your answer. (12)

23. June 2019 · Paper 3 · Q2(d) · 25 marks · AO1=4,AO2=4,AO3=8,AO4=9

(d) Evaluate the microeconomic and macroeconomic factors, apart from access to credit and banking, influencing growth and development in Mozambique. (25)

24. June 2018 · Paper 2 · Q6(b) · 8 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=2,AO4=2

(b) With reference to the information provided and your own knowledge, examine two factors that might explain the differing rates of decline in absolute poverty in East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. (8)

25. June 2018 · Paper 2 · Q6(e) · 15 marks · AO1=3,AO2=3,AO3=3,AO4=6

(e) Discuss the role of the financial sector in the growth and development of developing countries. (15)

26. June 2018 · Paper 3 · Q2(c) · 12 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=4,AO4=4

(c) Discuss the benefits of aid to Indonesia. (12)

27. June 2018 · Paper 3 · Q2(d) · 25 marks · AO1=4,AO2=4,AO3=8,AO4=9

(d) With reference to the information provided and your own knowledge, evaluate the microeconomic and macroeconomic effects on Indonesia of the volatility of prices of commodities such as coal. (25)

28. June 2017 · Paper 2 · Q5(b) · 4 marks · AO1=2,AO2=1,AO3=1

(b) With reference to the data provided, explain two limitations of using the HDI to compare levels of development between countries and over time. (4)

29. June 2017 · Paper 3 · Q1(c) · 12 marks · AO1=2,AO2=2,AO3=4,AO4=4

(c) Apart from externalities, discuss the problems that Chile faces as a result of dependency on copper mining. (12)

30. June 2017 · Paper 3 · Q1(d) · 25 marks · AO1=4,AO2=4,AO3=8,AO4=9

(d) With reference to the information provided and your own knowledge, evaluate the microeconomic and macroeconomic effects of policies that could be used to stimulate economic growth and development in Chile. (25)

Mark schemes

1. June 2025 · Paper 2 · Q1(a)

2. June 2025 · Paper 2 · Q8

3. June 2025 · Paper 3 · Q2(b)

4. June 2025 · Paper 3 · Q2(c)

5. June 2025 · Paper 3 · Q2(e)

6. June 2024 · Paper 3 · Q2(b)

7. June 2023 · Paper 2 · Q6(b)

8. June 2023 · Paper 2 · Q6(c)

9. June 2023 · Paper 2 · Q6(d)

10. June 2023 · Paper 2 · Q6(e)

11. June 2022 · Paper 3 · Q2(a)

12. June 2022 · Paper 3 · Q2(b)

13. June 2022 · Paper 3 · Q2(e)

14. November 2021 · Paper 2 · Q6(a)

15. November 2021 · Paper 2 · Q6(b)

16. November 2021 · Paper 2 · Q6(c)

17. November 2021 · Paper 2 · Q6(e)

18. October 2020 · Paper 2 · Q3(a)

19. October 2020 · Paper 2 · Q6(a)

20. October 2020 · Paper 2 · Q6(b)

21. October 2020 · Paper 2 · Q6(c)

22. June 2019 · Paper 3 · Q2(c)

23. June 2019 · Paper 3 · Q2(d)

24. June 2018 · Paper 2 · Q6(b)

25. June 2018 · Paper 2 · Q6(e)

26. June 2018 · Paper 3 · Q2(c)

27. June 2018 · Paper 3 · Q2(d)

28. June 2017 · Paper 2 · Q5(b)

29. June 2017 · Paper 3 · Q1(c)

30. June 2017 · Paper 3 · Q1(d)